Monkeypox (Mpox) virus (MPXV)

Karagoz et al., 2023

Monkeypox (Mpox) virus (MPXV) is the causative agent of the zoonotic disease known as Mpox, which infects both humans and animals. First detected in monkeys in 1959, the first human case was diagnosed 12 years later. MPXV, an orthopoxvirus in the family Poxviridae, has a brick-shaped or oval morphology and contains a linear, double-stranded DNA of 197 kb encoding ~181 proteins. Its genome consists of a conserved central region, two terminal variable regions, and two inverted terminal repeats (ITRs), which is similar to other orthopoxviruses. The conserved region is responsible for transcription, replication, and virion assembly while the variable regions differ between orthopoxviruses and produce proteins involved in virulence and host range.

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